HAV Virology
Hepatitis A Virus ( HAV ) belongs to the Hepatovirus genus of the kinfolk Picornaviridae . Four genotypes ( I , II , III , and VII ) are of human origin , and 3 ( IV , V , VI ) are of simian rootage . Genotypes I and III are the most dominant genotypes describe in humans . legion outbreaks of acute HAV infection due to genetic constitution I and III happened among homo who have sex with gentleman’s gentleman ( homosexual bodily process ) and using prohibited drug . But , no reports are available on the relative incidence of HAV due to kissing .
Can HAV really Survive in Saliva?
inquiry studies have render HAV was detected in spit in five out of six acutely infected patient with HAV in blood . It was proved in animal study take by Purcell et al . , 1984 . He demonstrate that infectious virus in spit which was found to be 2 to 3 log miserable than titer of virus in serum and 5 to 8 log low than titers in the toilet . His experiments have further show that infective virus is shake off in spit during the incubation period and in the early intense form and that HAV RNA may be detected in saliva from 6 hours post vaccination until several weeks after hepatitis onrush .
Can Hepatitis A be Transmitted through Kissing?
The spit of HAV acutely infected patients may be catching . Although write up are present the presence of HAV in unwritten fluid , the incidence and transmitting HAV because of saliva remain still controversial . The relationship between HAV detection and infectivity has not been established yet and , to valuate the likely danger of air HAV by spit among patients during former acute phase or recovery menstruation , it would be interesting to carry experimental infection studies in animal models .
Some Exposure Risk
Regular kissing while recognize a person wo n’t put an someone at risk of HAV infection . However , opened wounds in the mouth and contact of pathogenic fluids ( vaginal , anal retentive , or unwritten sexual urge ) can increase the jeopardy of exposure to HAV . Protected sexuality greatly reduces or wo n’t put an individual at risk of getting a STD .
But broadly speaking , HAV spread from soul to person by assign something in the back talk that has been contaminated with the BM ( feces , poop ) of a person taint with hepatitis A virus . This type of scatter is prognosticate “ fecal - oral path . ” A person can also be infected by drinking water contaminated with HAV or drink beverages chill with virus - contaminated ice . Contaminated food , water system , and ice can be meaning sources of infection for travelers to many areas of the world .
How long does it take to show Signs of Illness after HAV Infection?
If a someone is infected with HAV , it takes 2.5 to 5 week to shows the initial symptom . The symptoms exist not more than two calendar month . It causes only acuate and no chronic cases have been describe till now . Most of the case , the symptom reoccur after 9 -12 months and this condition are called relapsing hepatitis A.
Conclusion
There is secure grounds available on HAV existence and survival in the saliva of HAV infected soul . However , no proof exists on the transmission of the virus through kissing . expert powerfully trust that the risk of transmitting this disease through saliva is extremely low . If open wounds exist in both party like gum disease , it may increase the chance or rate of transmittance . The person who transmits HAV must have more viral load over a million in oral fluids .
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