Aortic Aneurysm is a aesculapian condition in which the Aorta ( the major stemma vas which initiate from the gist and ends up supplying blood to various parts of the body ) enlarges in size and becomes about 1.5 time more than the normal . The aorta has a thickness of a garden hosepipe , and its run from the heart passing the core of your chest and venter . Therefore this mental defectiveness principally occurs at the abdominal aorta and also sometimes be ascertain at the thoracic aorta too . When this condition occurs at the abdominal part ( which is more vulgar ) the term is know asAbdominal Aortic Aneurysm(AAA ) . AAA involve the enlargement of the lower part of the aorta . When this aortic Aneurysm occurs at the thoracic component part of the aorta it is known as theThoracic Aortic Aneurysm(TAA ) or Thoracic Aortic dissection .
Signs and Symptoms
The thoracic aortal aneurysm involves the blowup and weakening of the upper part of the aorta . The term aneurism is generally used when the axile diam of the thoracic aorta becomes greater than 5 atomic number 96 but when it measure about 4 - 5 cm the name ‘ dilatation ’ is used . The portion of the aorta becomes so weak that it can burst . The bursting may hap in rare cases and until it occurs the body does not shows any symptom or signs of the abnormality . If ananeurysmbursts , one or more bed of the walls of the aorta splits which causes a sudden and sharp nuisance at the upper portion of the back . This pain quickly beam downwards and causes discomfort in the arms , chest , neck opening and jaw . There is trouble in breathing also . This thoracic aortic aneurysm circumstance is mainly seen in the male of the age group between 50 - 60 years but is a very shape which occurs in about 6 - 7 persons out of 100,000 .
How is a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosed?
Pathologically the aneurysm can be divided into mainly two case depending on their human relationship with the aortic wall : genuine Aneurysm and Pseudo Aneurysms .
True Aneurysm is characterized by the involution of all the three layers of Aorta i.e. Tunica Adventitia , T. Media and T. Intima . The danger of break is directly proportional to the extent of the aneurysm . The wall might be attenuated . The risk involved is relatively less .
Pseudo Aneurysms carries a higher endangerment and high deathrate rate of about 80 - 90 % . They occur as a result of major thoracic trauma , both numb and penetrating . The patient is unable to survive and dies even before reaching the hospital .
CTA scan and MRA scan are also common choice to name and settle the precondition of thoracic aortal aneurism . When the imagination of the chest is done it may be name when a mass effect on the air duct tube or esophagus is encounter . It will also be seeable when there is a complication , rupture , aorto - bronchial fistula etc . Ultrasoundis not of much use in the diagnosis of TAA or thoracic aortic aneurism however the settle aorta can be visualize upto great extent with the service of Transoesophageal echocardiography but because it require invasion it is not much used .
Treatment and Prognosis for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
If there is not any early diagnosis of thoracic aortal aneurysm it proves to be fatal in maximal number of mortal . The reason for death of the patient is either due to direct complication of the aneurism or due complications of heart . The severance count on the size of it and amphetamine of the development . The only handling for it is surgery . Sometimes endovascular repair is done as a discussion of choice for thoracic aortic aneurism to deoxidise mortality .
