Pulmonary high blood pressure ( PH ) or pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) is a serious , progressive disease in which there is elevated blood pressure in the arteries supplying to the lungs . The profligate rate of flow from the heart to the lungs is break up due to constricted blood vessel . This causes supernumerary load on heart for descent pumping to the lungs , finally leading to weakness of philia muscles . This run to difficultness exchange oxygenated rakehell from deoxygenated stock leading to less supply of oxygenated blood to different tissue of the body . This leads to symptom offatigue , dizzinessandshortness of breathin patients suffering from pulmonary high blood pressure .
Types and Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension
There are five type of pulmonary hypertension ranging from type 1 to type 5 . character 1 tie in to legion movement including connective tissue paper diseases ( autoimmune disease ) , liver diseases , congenital heart diseases , reaping hook cell anemia , HIV infection , schistosomiasis ( parasitic infection ) , due to drugs and certain toxin ( include some of dieting pill and amateur drugs ) and diseases touch small blood vessels of the lungs . PH can also be idiopathic ( with no known cause ) and can have a inherited proclivity .
Type 2 , PH is due to condition affecting left side of the heart include mitral valve disease and chronic systemic elevated blood pressure .
Type 3 , PH is related to various breathing and lung conditions such as inveterate hindering pneumonic disease ( COPD ) , pulmonic fibrosis ( interstitial lung diseases ) and sleep apnea .
Type 4 , pulmonary hypertension is consociate with clot disorders such as bloodline coagulum in the lung .
Type 5 , pneumonic high blood pressure includes blood disorders ( polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia ) , metabolic disorder including thyroid diseases and glycogen storage disease , systemic disorders ( such assarcoidosisand vasculitis ) , kidney diseases and other conditions including tumor causing compression of pulmonic arteria .
In add-on , when PH is triggered by pre - existing disease , it is known as secondary pulmonary hypertension .
How long Do You Live with Pulmonary Hypertension?
Unfortunately , even with advancement in medical field of study there is no permanent treatment for PH . Medications , lifestyle changes and proper management can only restrict / slow the progression of disease . The prognosis of the disease is very pathetic , if it is left untreated and the patient suffering from it dies within 3 years of diagnosing . If the patient is in downcast endangerment group then the affected role can inhabit for over 10 years . The survival rate of the patient with pulmonic hypertension depends on the etiology . There is no classic way to auspicate the natural selection rate of a patient suffering from PH . Data recovered from a enceinte group of patients in former 2000s reveal , overall , one year survival rate as 85 % , three class survival rate as 68 % , five year survival charge per unit as 57 % and seven twelvemonth selection rate as 49 % .
The datum also revealed that the prospect is poor for patients whose aetiology include family account , connective tissue upset or related to liver disease as compared to congenital centre disease . Poor prognosis is seen in patients with pericardial effusion as compare to patients who do not have pericardiac effusion . The medical prognosis is pitiful in patient whose exercise capacity and distance covered in a 6 - second walk is less as compare to patients who have greater six - minute base on balls space .
The prognosis is also worse for patients who have very eminent correct atrial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance as compared to patients who have down values of them . Patients with impaired kidney subprogram and elevated spirit level of BNP ( Brain Natriuretic Peptide ) have a very poor prospect too as compared to patients who have normal kidney function or who have low BNP .
However , the survival rate of patients with pulmonic high blood pressure has drastically improved with the advent of medication and improved timber of life . It was not until 1994 , the first medication ( Flolan ) was introduced for the direction of pulmonic high blood pressure and in the preceding two decennium , there have been over ten medication usable for the discussion of it . Hopefully , with more enquiry and studies the survival rate of patients with PH will continue to improve .
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