Initially malaria was considered a disease which can not be cured but currently due to so much forward motion in medication there is barely any risk of complications . Plus with growing awareness , vaccines are even in trial for malaria .
Malaria can be mortal indeed . In case of Plasmodium vivax falciparum infection , adhesiveness increases due to increment in membrane adhesive protein on the Earth’s surface of erythrocytes . This causes adhesion of RBC to the capillary endothelium . This process is known as cytoadherance . This causes hairlike occlusion and if this occlusion occur in cerebral areas , it can make ischaemic necrosis which may further lead to destruction .
This cytoadherance is due to change in tissue layer of RBC . There is change in shape of RBC associated with antigen change on its aerofoil . These alteration are brought by leech present inside it .
Thus , all the infected RBC block the capillary tube and eventually they even infect other uninfected RBCs . This summons of cytoadherance and agglutinating activity is the main pathogenesis of falciparum malaria . When such coagulum are formed inside lively organs like brain and lungs , microcirculation is disturbed and metabolic process is hampered .
How Malaria Can Kill You?
The death usually occurs if follow complications occurs with the onset of malaria-
Cerebral Malaria - When a person present with unnatural behavior and delirium , it should be taken caution of . This is the initial stage of development of cerebral malaria . There is diffuse symmetric brain disease . If fundoscopy is perform at least 15 % , the patient will be diagnosed to have retinal hemorrhages and pupillary dilatation . chance of epilepsy is increase in such patients . Seizures are more common in untried children as compared to adult . Few with cerebral malaria may suffer from words problems .
Hypoglycemia - Failure of liver to perform gluconeogenesis is the main campaign of hypoglycaemia . Along with decreased production there is increased intake of glucose by host and parasite as well . And if quinine is given then the hypoglycemia is further overdone as quinine is stimulant of pancreatic insulin . When disease is progressed to severe condition hypoglycemia is hard to name as signal of hypoglycaemia , which admit tremor , sweating , tachycardia all are absent in serious disease status .
Renal Impairment - This occurs due to erythrocytes requisition and agglutinating activity in renal vessels , which interferes with renal circulation and metabolism . This cause necrosis of renal tubules . The one who survives resumes its normal state within 4 twenty-four hours . The choice of treatment is dialysis and hemofiltration .
Acidosis - It is an crucial cause of decease , which is commonly chance in one bear from severe malaria . Here blood plasma concentration of lactate or bicarbonate gives the better idea about the real status . Lactic acidosis occurs as line of descent stream is handicap to a particular tissue paper and due to want of blood supply anaerobic glycolysis commence in that especial tissue paper associated with hypovolaemia and nonstarter of liver .
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - The cause of this condition is not specified yet . The extract of fluids aggravates the situation .
Hematological Abnormalities - As RBC becomes infected splenic clearance is raise . This induce severe anemia . Plus anemia is get by antimalarial drug . Severe bleeding and at times broadcast intravascular clotting may occur in grievous cases .
Liver Dysfunction - Hemolyticjaundiceis unremarkably associated with malaria . When there is hepatic disfunction then again chances of hypoglycemia , lactic acidosis increases .
All these complications if not treated early can lead to destruction . Thus , direction of all the above advert term is important .
So malaria , which was initially a shape to occupy about , is no more a subject of worry due to present day medications . Vaccine which is in run will further reduce the fortune of disease . Thus , the malaria should be diagnosed as early as potential and relevant medication should be give so as to forbid complications which are deadly . So , in typeface one has high fever with pall and rigor , they should forthwith confab a Dr. and take right medicament . Because if it bugger off too former probability of complications increases . Malaria is no more a matter to vex . right diagnostic facility and intervention has made everything easy .
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