This clause on Epainassist.com has been reviewed by a medical professional , as well as checked for fact , to ensure the reader the best potential accuracy .
We follow a strict editorial insurance and we have a zero - tolerance policy regarding any storey of plagiarism . Our clause are resourced from reputable on-line pages . This article may contains scientific references . The numbers in the aside ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) are clickable connectedness to compeer - brush up scientific papers .
The feedback link “ Was this Article Helpful ” on this Thomas Nelson Page can be used to report content that is not accurate , up - to - date or refutable in any manner .
This article does not allow medical advice .
This is a inborn disorder of thecervical spinein which there is optical fusion of two or more vertebra . People from Klippel - Feil syndrome tend to have a short neck and their cervix motion is significantly restricted . There may also be presence of bother in theneck .
What Is Klippel-Feil Syndrome?1
What Are The Causes Of Klippel-Feil Syndrome?
Gene Mutation-
What Are Classifications Of Klippel-Feil Syndrome?
Klippel-Feil Syndrome Is Of Three Types As Mentioned Below:
Type I : The first cervical vertebra is also known as atlas is blend with occipital bone and the experimental condition is known as occipitalization of atlas . Type I is also connect with nuclear fusion of C2 - C3 vertebra . Severe malformation may result in narrowing of spinal canal and compaction of spinal cord and brainstem .
Type II : In this case , there is fusion of the vertebrae below C2 level along with freakishness of the occipitocervical colligation .
Type III : In this type , there is a single interspace between two fused segments and the motility of the cervical sticker is centered at this lone candid articulation . This can lead to spine instability orosteoarthritis .
What Are The Symptoms Of Klippel-Feil Syndrome?
Asymptomatic Disease-
Symptomatic Disease-
Signs Of Klippel-Feil Syndrome
How Is Klippel-Feil Syndrome Diagnosed?
Urine Examination - Increased albumen in piddle and lessen weewee volume
Blood Examination - increase BUN and creatinine
Radiological Studies-
What Are Treatments For Klippel-Feil Syndrome?
Klippel – Feil Syndrome is usually treat symptomatically .
Medications For Klippel–Feil Syndrome-
Physical Therapy
Interventional Pain Therapy
Surgery For Klippel–Feil Syndrome-
References :
1 . The multiple association of Klippel - Feil syndrome .
Jasper A1 , Sudhakar SV , Sridhar GV .
Acta Neurol Belg . 2014 Jun 21 .
2 . innate thoroughgoing heart block in Klippel - Feil syndrome .
Elumalai RS1 , Nainar MS , Vaidyanathan K , Somasundaram G , Balasubramaniam G.
Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann . 2013 Apr;21(2):199 - 201 .
3 . Klippel - Feil syndrome with atlanto - axial disruption , anomalous vertebral arterial blood vessel , dextrocardia and situs inversus .
Futane S1 , Salunke P.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg . 2013 Oct;115(10):2304 - 6 . doi : 10.1016 / j.clineuro.2013.08.011 .
4 . Cervical duct stricture because of progressive nuclear fusion and expansion of cervical vertebrae with feature film of Proteus syndrome and Klippel - Feil syndrome .
Sugita S1 , Chikuda H , Ohya J , Taniguchi Y , Takeshita K , Haga N , Ushiku T , Tanaka S.
5 . Klippel Feil syndrome with occipital encephalocele , duodenal web , left pelvic kidney , ASD , anorectal deformity foetal and postnatal imagery .
Herman TE1 , Siegel MJ , Vachharajani A.
Skeletal Radiol . 2013 Dec;42(12):1743 - 6 . doi : 10.1007 / s00256 - 013 - 1663 - y. Epub 2013 Jun 13 .
J Perinatol . 2013 Mar;33(3):245 - 7 . doi : 10.1038 / jp.2012.155 .
