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Parvovirus
Parvovirus is classified as a entropy - DNA virus made up of single stranded DNA . The parvovirus is subtype in two radical . Group one is named Parvovirinae and do infection in craniate e.g. human , while group two is called the Densovirinae , which infect invertebrates for example starfish . virus spread into gastrointestinal and lymphatic system .
Incubation Period of Parvovirus Infection in Humans
Viral contagion is observed in pet brute like dogs . The parvovirus infection does not transmit from animal to human by contact . The brooding geological period for viral infection to verbalise symptom and signs of infection is 7 to 14 days .
Transmission of Parvovirus Infection in Humans
parvo infection is communicable like all viral infection . The viruses are exchange and beam through physical contact with spittle , sputum and nasal secernment . seldom in few case virus are transmitted through blood transfusion in humans . The virus is often present in origin of asymptomatic giver who may be suffering with parvo infection . Transmission of parvovirus infection is also observed in individual who are share needles .
Clinical Manifestation of Parvovirus or Symptoms of Parvovirus in Humans
Asymptomatic-
Parvovirus Infection is symptomless in 20 % of patient .
In most people strike with parvo , follow symptoms are observed-
Facial Rash-
Facial efflorescence is often seen in children and the parvo is often known asslapped cheek disease or fifth disease . Rash do by parvovirus in humans is bright red in people of colour and eruption are observed above the surface of the hide . The parvovirus skin rash may melt after 2 to 3 sidereal day following initial appearance and then reappear after few 24-hour interval . Rash may extend into buttocks , leg and upper soundbox . Rash make by parvovirus in asymptomatic patient is often mistaken for striking dermatitis or drug allergic reaction .
Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms-
Parvovirus infection often come out in nose and throat . The infectious period of parvo may last 4 to 7 days and symptom may not move on to other part of the torso . During this stage of parvovirus , child or adult feels body ache , sneezing , headacheand mild fever along withrunning nose , throat painand coughing . Patient may recover with ease and symptomatic treatment .
GI Symptoms-
The parvovirus contagion when scatter to GI system in human being may cause vomiting and looseness of the bowels . These symptom are rarefied .
Joint Pain-
Joint painis rare but may be keep an eye on in multiple joints same time . Polyarthritis often is associated with facial rash . disjunct polyarthritis is often diagnose as injury or bacterial infection . The spliff mostly affected are human knee , wrist , human elbow and ankle .
Hepatitis and Encephalopathy-
There are few scientific published subject studies that hint parvo does do hepatitis and encephalopathy but very rarely .
Treatment of Parvovirus in Humans
Most of the symptomless children may not want any treatment for parvo infection . Patient excruciation with febrility caused due to parvo are treated with tylenol and ibuprofen . Few adult with parvovirus transmission may suffer with nausea , vomiting and diarrhea . These affected role are treated with unwritten frequent fluid or intravenous fluid and antidiarrheal oral liquidness ( Kaopectin ) or pills ( imodn ) . Facial rash is treated with moistening app or antiviral ointment . Joint pain sensation because of parvo infection is handle with residual andNSAIDslike motrin and naproxen .
Prevention of Parvovirus Infection in Humans
Vaccine for human parvo is not available but there are vaccine available for similar contagion in frankfurter . The transmission of infection is prevented by frequent hand wash with soap . obviate close contact with private coughing and sneeze . concealment oral fissure and nose if one is suffering with symptoms like cough , sneezing and running nozzle to prevent transmission of infection to healthy individual . obviate group and friends until symptom are not observed .
Also Read :
Reference :
Exanthema associated with parvovirus B19 infection in adults . Drago F1 , Ciccarese G2 , Rebora A1 . , J Am Acad Dermatol . 2014 Dec;71(6):1256 .
Acute hepatitis and myositis associated with Erythema infectious by Parvovirus B19 in an adolescent . Koliou M1 , Karaoli E , Soteriades ES , Pavlides S , Bashiardes S , Christodoulou C. BMC Pediatr . 2014 Jan 13;14:6 .
Clinical findings in parvovirus B19 infection in 30 grownup patients in Kyoto . Oiwa H1 , Shimada T , Hashimoto M , Kawaguchi A , Ueda T , Sugiyama E , Kamiya T. , Mod Rheumatol . 2011 Feb;21(1):24 - 31 .
