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Rheumatoid arthritisis an inflammatory joint disease that bear upon small and boastful joint . Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes spartan self - destructive inflaming . Immune scheme mostly attack the soft tissue ensue in continuing inflammation . Synovial tissue layer is predominantly attacked by autoimmune cells.1Synovial tissue layer ( synovium ) secrete viscous fluid , which lubricates the joint . Inflammation of synovial membrane causes thickening of the synovial membrane and increased synovial secretion . Joint blowup ( collection of fluid in joint ) and stretched tendon and ligament results in lax joint , which in posterior leg slip . The kindling spreads to next cartilage , ligaments and periosteum of the off-white . Initial symptoms are often observed in hands , wrists , mortise joint and foot joint . Causes of rheumatoid arthritis are unknown though past research hint genetic mental defectiveness may initiate the autoimmune response within the joint . Rheumatoid arthritis can be a progressive disease . Rheumatoid arthritis results in joint disability of hand and disability.2
Epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Pain Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Joint Swelling Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Patient often complaints of joint prominence . It is at time unmanageable to find the swelling in the initial form of the disease if all the joint of finger and hand are simultaneously affected .
Generalized Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Joint Deformity Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Morning Joint Stiffness Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Joint rigorousness with knockout bother is often observed in the morning . Patient is ineffective to move juncture of the hand and finger for about 30 to 45 minutes in the morning . pain sensation intensity and stiffness boil down later in the sidereal day .
Joint Swelling Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Joint Redness Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Interphalangeal articulation are inflamed and red in the initial stage of the disease . The rubor of the joint is associated with tenderness and austere painful sensation .
Symmetric Joint Arthritis Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Rheumatoid arthritis of the hand pretend marijuana cigarette of fingers , thumb and palm . Majority of the case of the creaky arthritis of the hand are symmetrical and bilateral .
Soft Lump on the Back of the Hand
Inability to Straighten or Bend Fingers
During late phase of the disease , patient complaint of inability to clean up or turn away fingers because of a tendon rupture
Boutonniere Deformity Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
disfigurement in which the finger is out to toward medal at knuckle ( first Interphalangeal joint ) . One or more than one finger is affected by rheumatic manus disease . The second interphalangeal joint is sometime extended in opposite direction .
Swan-Neck Deformity Signs for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Deformity is observed at distal interphalangeal joint or joint near the tip of the fingerbreadth . The distal ( furthest ) share of the finger is bent for good toward palm tree . The middle joint is dented in opposite direction resulting in fingerbreadth looking like Swan Neck .
Investigations and Lab Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
X-RAY3for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
MRI and Cat Scan5for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Ultrasound Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands6
Ultrasound Study- Ultrasound study is conducted to judge the condition of joint fluid .
Blood Examination Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Urine Analysis Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
1. Conservative Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
Exercise is beneficial during continuing and later stage . Yoga therapy and extend drill are counsel to prevent impuissance and wasting away of the hand muscles .
Moist heating system ( heated cockeyed towel ) or hot piddle bag treatment is good to reduce pain and meliorate joint movements during acute inflammation and former morning harshness .
2. Physical Therapy (PT) for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
3. Medications for Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
4. Interventional Treatment For Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
5. Surgical Treatment For Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hands
inveterate inflammation causes stretching of the joint and tear of the tendon . Tear or breach of tendon may be associated with separation of tendon from its attachment to ivory . Hand operating surgeon is trained to amend the tendon rupture and tendon breakup from bones .
Procedure is perform to treat arthritis in many hand and wrist joints .
Also Read :
character :
1 . differentiate dogged from ego - limiting symmetrical synovitis in an other arthritis clinic . Tunn ED , Bacon PA . Br J Rheumatol 1993;32 : 97 - 103 .
2 . Severe usable descent , workplace disability and increase mortality in seventy five RA patient take over 9 years . Pincus T , Callahan LF , Sale WG , Brooks AL , Payne LE , Vaughn W. Arthritis Rheum 1984;27 : 864 - 72 .
3 . Evidence of significant radiographic damage in rheumatoid arthritis within 2 years of disease . Fuchs HA , Kaye JJ , Callahan LF , Nance EP , Pincus T. J Rheumatol 1989;16 : 585 - 91 .
4 . Generalised off-white loss in patients with other rheumatoid arthritis . Gough AKS , Lilley J , Eyre S , Holder RL , Emery P. Lancet 1994;344 : 23 - 7 .
5 . The majority of patient with rheumatoid arthritis have caustic disease at presentation when magnetic resonance imaging of the dominant hand is employed . McGonagle D , Green MJ , Proudman S , et al . Br J Rheumatol 1997;36(suppl 1 ): 121 .
6 . Imaging in rheumatoid arthritis — why MRI and sonography can no longer be ignored . Ostergaard M , Szkudlarek M. Scand J Rheumatol 2003;32 : 63 - 73 .
7 . Prednisone 37 Differences in the use of second - line agents and prednisone for discussion of rheumatic arthritis by rheumatologists and non - rheumatologists . Criswell LA , Such CL , Yelin EH . J Rheumatol 1997;24 : 2290 .
8 . The effectiveness of early treatment with second line anti - rheumatic drugs . A randomised contain visitation . van der Heide A , Jacobs JW , Bijlsma JW , et al . Ann Intern Med 1996;124 : 699 - 707 .
9 . relationship between knowledge and experience in the usage of disease - modifying antirheumatic agent : a bailiwick of primary forethought practitioners . Stross JK . JAMA 1989;262 : 2721 - 3 .
