What is Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis?
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is a rare pathological status of the mind in which there is occasional and brief but widespread inflammation across the brain and spinal electric cord find significant price to the myeline sheath which is the protective covering which protects the mettle fibre . Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis normally is surveil by a viral or bacterial infection . It may also come about after vaccination for diseases like rubella or mumps but this is quite rare .
The symptoms of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis are rapid in onset beginning with symptoms similar to that of an Encephalomyelitis like fever , severe weariness and lethargy , cephalalgia , nausea and vomiting and as the disease progresses it may cause even raptus and coma . This stipulation normally damage the medulla which is a covering of the nerve fibers and protect the spunk fibers from any damage . This shape also damages the clean matter of the brain which causes symptoms like imaginativeness departure or palsy .
Since Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is quite rare and hence this condition is often misinterpret as an blast ofmultiple sclerosiswhich also is an instigative neurological disorder and harm the myelin sheath . A detailed difference between Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis has been delineated below . Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis strikes nestling more than grownup .
What Causes Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis?
The exact cause of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is not known but it is believed to occur commonly after a severe bacteria or a viral infection . In some rare cases it has also go on after inoculation for rubella ormumps . Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system of the dead body erroneously identifies the healthy cells of the body as potentially grave and starts attacking them which cause inflammation .
In bulk of event , the symptom of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis can be observed after about a couple of week place an infection or a few month after vaccinations , although in some cases there is no preceding event that causes natural event of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis .
What is the Difference between Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis?
Due to the rarity of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis , it is often misinterpreted as an attack of multiple induration but both these conditions are two separate entities . The following are the differences between Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis :
What are the Symptoms of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis?
In absolute majority of case of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis , the affected role must have had a bacteria or a viral infection a twosome of workweek before the onset of symptoms of this condition . The presenting symptoms of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis are persistent concern and febrility . As the disease come along , there are neurological symptoms that include :
In grownup with Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis , there may be additional symptom of motor and sensory deficit .
How is Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Diagnosed?
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is suspected whenever there is bacterial or viral infection come after in unaired law of proximity with the development of certain neurological symptoms along with classic symptom of headaches , fever , and castrate awareness . If Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is suspected , then the treating doctor will regularize an MRI CAT scan of the mind to expect for changes within the white-hot matter and also seem for any scathe to the myelin sheath . If these change are confirm it further pinpoint to the diagnosis of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis . This will be followed by serial MRI imaging in which the changes will start to gradually go away and will be wholly gone in some time which further corroborate the diagnosing of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis .
asunder from this , the physician will also execute a lumbar puncture to rule out other conditions like multiple sclerosis . In a lumbar puncture , the cerebrospinal fluid is deal from the spinal cord and is sent for psychoanalysis in a laboratory . In Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis , the CSF will show increase white cells which will confirm the diagnosis of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis .
How is Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Treated?
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is a uncommon disease shape and hence there is no specific treatment for it . As of now , the front line treatment for Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is the presidency of intravenous methylprednisolone and other sex hormone medications . These medication are normally given normally for a week or so follow by tapering of the steroids . The map of these steroids is to slim down inflammation . patient role on steroid for Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis often complain of mood changes , anxiety , and nap disturbances which postulate to be monitored closely .
If there is no favorable response to the sex hormone therapy then the next stair towards intervention of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is intravenous IVIG . This form of treatment has show a lot of promise in treat autoimmune circumstance . The endovenous IVIG is given for a few hours for a fourth dimension period of time of five to six days .
Yet another coming towards treating Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is called plasmapheresis . In this form of discussion , the blood is circulated through a machine that seize components of the resistant system from the blood and thus reduces immune activity . This treatment is done for a few hours for a menses of a twosome of week .
In some cases , chemotherapyhas also been used for handling of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis .
What is the Prognosis of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis?
In majority of the guinea pig , Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis can be successfully treated with steroid therapy . The long - term medical prognosis for patients with Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is quite effective . In absolute majority of cases , the patient starts to recover in a few solar day and it normally strike about six month for the affected role to be fully recovered from Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis .
