What is Geniospasm?
Geniospasm is a rarefied , benignant transmissible movement upset of the mentalis muscle characterise by involuntary , occasional up and down movements ( tremors ) of the lower lip and chin . Geniospasm is linked to chromosome 9q13 - q21 . affected role with geniospasm experience rapid shakiness or flapping of the lower lip and chin . The buccal storey muscles and tongue can also be affected ; however , to a less extent .
What are the Other Names of Geniospasm?
Geniospasm is also known as transmitted geniospasm ; GSM 1 ; tremble chin ; and hereditary chintremor / myoclonus ; and genetic all important chin myoclonus .
What are the Causes of Geniospasm?
As mentioned before , geniospasm is thought to be inherit in an autosomal dominant pattern ; however , the exact gene which causes geniospasm is not do it . It is opine that mutations or changes in a gene on chromosome 9 can lead to growth of geniospasm in some families .
Geniospasm is an extremely rare stipulation ; however , it is also thought that this condition may be under - report . The hereditary pattern of Geniospasm is aggressively autosomal prevalent .
What are the Symptoms of Geniospasm?
Geniospasm is characterized by tremors which are nonvoluntary effort of the low-spirited lip and chin . The tremors of Geniospasm can be present for a few seconds to a few hours . Geniospasm can also involve buccal floor muscles and tongue , but to a lesser degree .
How Long Does an Episode of Geniospasm Last & At What Age Does Geniospasm Develop?
The movements of Geniospasm are always present in the patient ; however , they get worsen by any type of emotion , assiduousness or stress . Geniospasm lead off in early puerility of the affected role . The episodes of Geniospasm can last from a few seconds to few hours . Geniospasm can develop spontaneously or can be triggered by strain . Geniospasm commonly occurs in infancy or childhood and its frequency run to decrease as the patient role gets older years .
How is Geniospasm Diagnosed?
There are no specific laboratory which offer genetic testing for diagnosis of geniospasm . Geniospasm can be diagnosed by clinical rating of the patient role by a health caution professional , such as a neurologist who is a specialiser in drift disorderliness .
What is the Relationship between Genetics & Geniospasm?
Geniospasm is inherit in an autosomal prevailing pattern , which mean that if the patient has only one mutate copy of the defected cistron , then it is enough to bring about symptoms in the patient role . hoi polloi , who have an autosomal prevalent condition and go on to have children , will have 50 % chances of their child inheriting the mutate gene written matter . As there is a 50 % luck for the tike to inherit Geniospasm , there is a possible action of all the nipper getting affected with Geniospasm or none of the children will be affected with this disorder .
How is Geniospasm Treated?
Geniospasm is considered a benign disorder ; however , this precondition can cause embarrassment and discussion anxiety in some patients . Geniospasm improves significantly with age .
Geniospasm respond very well to even botulinum toxin injections ( Botox ) given into the mentalis muscle . Botulinum toxin injections are the primary treatment for Geniospasm and these injections are also tolerated well and are effective . These injections will paralyse the muscleman and stop the trembling of the low lip and chin . There is no damage of manner of speaking or facial formula with botulinum toxin injections .
Other than botulinum toxin shot , there are many drugs which can be used for treating Geniospasm , such as antiepileptic and benzodiazepine . The resultant role of the handling for Geniospasm vary from patient role to patient . Some patient role with Geniospasm may not answer to a single drug and can receive considerable side effects if a combining of drugs is used .
