What is Hyperdontia?
Hyperdontia is an oral condition where people have an redundant number of tooth growing anywhere in their rima oris . These additional tooth are referred to as supernumerary teeth . Although there is no age bar , gender or race specific reason for hyperdontia to grow , it is more commonly observed among those have Cleft lip or Isabella Stewart Gardner ’s Syndrome and nipper affected by Down syndrome . Research written report reveal that get supernumerary teeth for any mortal without having any sort of syndrome is not normal .
The stock number of elementary teeth in a somebody is 20 and lasting teeth 32 . A person sustain hyperdontia often have it in lasting teeth instead of deciduous teeth , popularly know as temporary teeth or baby teeth . Hyperdontia can happen in any helping of the dental archway , but they are most commonly receive around the lasting anterior incisors , settle in the maxillary archway . The next most common surface area for such occurrence is the maxillary and inframaxillary quaternary molars which are more commonly impacted aswisdom tooth . The occurrent of hyperdontia is somewhere between 1 % to 4 % of the total population with a male to distaff ratio of 2:1 ; absolute majority of the cases being restrict to a single tooth . There have been mark case of people have up to 30 supernumerary teeth , but that is rarely observed .
Types of Hyperdontia
The classification of redundant teeth by researchers and experts has been made free-base on their location and morphology . The classification of hyperdontia has been made as under –
Paramolar Hyperdontia : It look up to the ontogenesis of additional molar uprise adjacent to the molars . It is generally observed outside the arch of the normal incision , beside the tooth . The extra tooth will be unexploited in size .
Mesiodens Hyperdontia : This is the most uncouth type of hyperdontia where the extra tooth is found in between the two fundamental incisor on the upper front . This can be further classified into-
Symptoms of Hyperdontia
There is ordinarily no symptom for hyperdontia as the discovery of such an unusual medical status is by stroke when there is a health check with the dentist for any of the survey rationality :
crowd of the Tooth : Every person ’s gum line is project in such a way that it can hold back the lifelike bit of tooth . Any extra teeth will result in overcrowd leading to deracination and deformation of the conjunction .
Non - clap of Permanent Tooth : For some children , it can be seen that the elemental tooth do not fall off as they should in the normal line of time . Or there might be hinderance in getting the maxillary central incisor after the falling of the elementary incisor . Due to the eructation of the supernumerary teeth there might be problem in the eruption of the tooth next to it .
Displacement of the Permanent Teeth : There is a high opportunity of the permanent teeth getting force out from their normal place , which can be svelte or spectacular leading to feelings of uneasiness and uncomfortableness .
Issues Related to Speech : Due to more than the normal teeth weigh in the mouth there might be problems in normal public speaking . This can adversely affect the learning power of children suffering from such upset and might have dissimilar speaking tone or communicating .
Abnormality in Facial Appearance : A right set of teeth play a major persona in the facial appearance of a person . There might be freakishness in the facial appearance of those suffering from hyperdontia adversely affecting the self - self-assurance of the person .
There might be sure rare case when such supernumerary tooth can conduct to resorption of dental source adjacent to such tooth or dentigerous cyst .
Causes of Hyperdontia
Even after years of research done in his battlefield , the cause of hyperdontia can not be associate to a single reason and is connected to a phone number of congenital mar . Some investigator are of the opinion that there are two vulgar crusade of hyperdontia resulting from the survey author :
The occurrence of supernumerary dentition is often associated with a number of syndromes such as –
Diagnosis of Hyperdontia
Scientists and researchers have established the fact that quicker the diagnosing of Hyperdontia better will be the prognosis . The knowledge of the clinician in identifying the position of the elemental and permanent dentition will help to name hyperdontia at an former leg and avoid further ramification . The diagnosing of hyperdontia can be possible as ahead of time as the second yr of birth and on Ward as suggested by experts .
In basal dentition , mesiodens often have normal shape and take fire naturally which is the reason for it being overlooked . Another major reason for it being overlook is the lack of care given by the caregiver . It is common for the anterior primary mesiodens to erupt ordinarily before its detective work , which could often be mistaken with fusion anomalies or germination .
In grammatical case of lasting teething , the diagnosis is much well-fixed following blast of the anterior tooth . However , in rescript to identify the supernumerary teeth , a lot of radiographic and clinical examination are required to be undertaken . Periapical radiographs and panoramic maxillary occlusal are mostly urge to attend the diagnostic appendage . Despite bird’s-eye radiograph being the most in force screening instrument , clarity in the midsection is still restricted . Also , with the help of parallax technique , the buccolingual position of the mesiodens that are unerupted can be pass judgment .
Treatment of Hyperdontia
In majority of the case , the patient consults a doctor when any of the outcome associated with hyperdontia is abide by . However , expert hint not to neutralise time in observing the symptom and immediately get in tinge with a Dr. in case of any abnormality in the growth shape of the tooth . Once the job of hyperdontia is diagnose then there are multiple ways by which such complication can be cured . Some of them are summarized as under –
Teeth Extraction : This is one of the easy and common techniques stick to to bring around hyperdontia . Local anaesthesia is applied to the patient so that no infliction is experienced during the extraction appendage .
Endodontic Treatment for Hyperdontia : This intervention for hyperdontia is similar to the treatment of root canal . The doctor will undertake this treatment process only if the supernumerary tooth fuses with that of the permanent tooth . In this treatment procedure , the tissue paper around the melded tooth is remove only after pass completion of development Hz of the root , after which the fused tooth is remove surgically . Surgery is the best option in this case as the root of the tooth are join with the side by side single .
Orthodontic Treatment to Treat Hyperdontia : The supernumerary tooth will bear upon the normal alinement of the side by side tooth . Therefore , the post descent process , if required , orthodontic measures like consumption of dental braces are set about to restore the normal alinement of the permanent teeth and to strengthen the same .
Wait and Watch Process : This ask investing solid time in observing the progress of the supernumerary tooth and the effect it has on the adjacent teeth . The doctor will monitor the growing of the additional tooth by mode of film x - ray and have a wait and view position . Orthodontic tooth remotion or other quantity will be undertaken only if the additional tooth posture any serious threat to the alignment of the permanent teeth .
Conclusion
Above all , it is extremely recommended to parent not to wait for the baby teeth of their child to fall off to go about an orthodontist as bar is better than cure . It is necessary to take the child for regular medical at frequent time interval and in typesetter’s case of any abnormalcy in the growth of teeth it is good to take preventive measuring rod beforehand rather than await for the situation to become more complicated . A medical pro is the best person to provide worthful suggestion in such matter and prevent the situation from make more serious . Therefore , it is upright to leave the matter to the experience and expertise of the professional .
