Hernia is defined as an abnormal medical term where one part of the torso crowd into another part of the body . Hiatal hernia is a type of hernia that come about in the abdomen area ; i.e. when the tissue paper of the stomach agitate through the opening in the stop called as hiatus . This area is reserved for the oesophagus . free-base on the position of the stomach , hiatal hernia is sort out into 2 type as report below :
What is Paraesophageal Hernia?
Paraesophageal herniation is a case of hiatal herniation where the gastro - oesophageal junction is at the level of diaphragm , and a portion of the breadbasket crusade into the chest area beside the gorge . It is a type of hernia that remains in the chest country without affecting swallowing . However , in cases of declamatory paraesophageal hernia , there may be compression of the esophagus which in bit affects the musical passage of food into the stomach . This may do sticking of food in the oesophagus post swallowing . It may also lead to evolution of ulcer in the herniated stomach due to irritation from the food or sour in the stomach . These type of tumid paraesophageal hernia are rare . Paraesophageal hernia is often present without any symptoms . Pain and discomfort is felt when the abatement strangles the stomach .
Symptoms of Paraesophageal Hernia
As mention in the beginning , a large telephone number of individuals pretend by paraesophageal herniation do not know any symptom . Studies have shown that about 50 % of the cases experience the symptoms . As a effect , majority of the cases of paraesophageal hernia go undiagnosed and does not receive any treatment . In some cases , the symptoms are mistaken for other conditions such as sulphurous ebb and essence burn . In advanced cause , paraesophageal hernia may exhibit itself with vivid pain and discomfort which require immediate aesculapian attention . The most commonly encountered symptoms of paraesophageal hernia include :
Stages of Paraesophageal Hernia
Paraesophageal hernia can be divided into 4 stages establish on the severity or phase of the condition . These stages are describe below :
Causes of Paraesophageal Hernia
The accurate crusade of paraesophageal herniation is unreadable at the moment . A enceinte phone number of inquiry are being carried out to empathise this term closely . It has been noted that a orotund numeral of showcase are associated withGERD or gastro - esophageal ebb disease . The most probable causes of paraesophageal hernia are observe below :
Diagnosis of paraesophageal hernia
In most of the typesetter’s case , the diagnostic psychometric test are suggested once the condition is diagnostic . Diagnosis includes hold a thorough font account followed by forcible examination . The field is physically examined to front for hernia while necessitate the patient role to cough . specialised tests such as atomic number 56 swallow test are often helpful . This involves drink a chalky liquidity followed by anx - ray of light . Endoscopy is also done to name the condition . Endoscopy is a written report where an endoscope or a small thermionic vacuum tube with a camera on one end is introduced through the mouth into the digestive parcel .
Prognosis of Paraesophageal Hernia
Paraesophageal herniation when diagnosed and treated on time , the medical prognosis is good . It has been observe that paraesophageal herniation affects adult female more than men , which is possibly due increased press over the abdomen during pregnancy . It generally affects individuals after the 50 years of age . Paraesophageal hernia report for only about 5 % of hiatal hernia in total . In about 10 % of cases , there may be recurrence .
Treatment and Management of Paraesophageal Hernia
In some cases , the condition cure by itself and does command any treatment . In case the shape is diagnostic , dynamic intervention is warranted . In most of the event , operative repair is recommend . A delay in surgical process can cause strangulation or constriction , which may lead to staring reduce off from blood supply to the area . In the late times , laparoscopic ( minimally invasive ) surgery has replaced conventional operating theatre considering the advantages connect with it . A laparoscopic instrumental role is used to enter the abdomen through a pocket-sized dent ( 5 to 10 mm ) . The operating room purport at repositioning the stomach and reenforce the hiatus . The laparoscope send a scene of the interior electronic organ and help the surgeon to carry out the operation . The vantage of this surgery is requirement of smaller incision less risk of exposure of infection , less post - operative pain , less chances of scarring , and speedy recovery .
Other treatment includes :
Prevention of Paraesophageal Hernia
Though the accurate cause of the condition is yet unknown , a few preventive measures are recommended to quash this condition . In individuals , who are suspected to develop this condition in hereafter a preventive surgery is recommend to repair the condition before the complication take over . dietetic modification and lifestyle change are helpful . The following preventive beat are often advocate :
Conclusion
Paraesophageal hernia is a type of hiatal hernia . It is a rarified term that often goes undiagnosed until diagnostic . It is often misguided for other gastro enteral condition such as GERD . The symptoms include abdominal pain , acid reflux , difficultness swallowing , truncation of breath etc . Diagnosis is often done by strong-arm testing supported by specialized exam such as endoscopy and Ba drink test . Treatment of this condition involves dietary modification and life-style alteration . Medications are helpful in controlling acidity . In advanced case , laparoscopic surgery is considered . The prognosis of this experimental condition is splendid provided the precondition is detected and treated on time .
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