Seroma is a common post - surgical knottiness which is marked by the onset of swell at the surgical site . It occurs in the slip where the surgical procedure demand implanting of medical gadget within the eubstance or removal of large mickle from the body . Structurally , seroma is a tissue paper in which fluid accumulation occurs . This fluid ordinarily develop within the dead quad of the tissue paper which is a issue of the defense mechanism of the body in reply to the tissue firing due to the surgery .
What is Seroma?
Seroma can be defined as the accumulation of infertile fluid within a restricted dead location of a tissue that undergo a surgical procedure . This appendage of accretion of fluid is a normal bodily mechanism which occurs in reception to cellular destruction of the tissue paper which once used to contain live blood vessel and capillaries . This further result in the inflammation of the deadened tissue which increases the permeability of the vascular tissues that lies within . This increased permeability allows runny buildup within the tissue . The fluid needs to be removed else it get discomfort in the unnatural area . When the fluid gets dispatch completely then the cavity might amass fibrotic tissue paper which may result in reabsorption of fluid . The amount of fluid accumulation bet on the size of it of the dead scoop . Smaller seroma collect less fluid and subside by itself , it may later form hard knots after undergoing calcification . On the other hand , the larger seroma necessitate liquid remotion as a discourse . Though seroma can develop at numerous places on the body but the rough-cut sites that are usually affect by seroma after surgery are abdominal cavity , breast , axillary fossa , neck opening , lumbar area , inguinal area and hypodermic region .
Seroma can be classified into various types depending on the case of surgical function performed . These types are :
Symptoms of Seroma
The symptom that arise due to seroma can be categorize on the basis of urgency for treatment . These are :
Epidemiology of Seroma
Seroma incidence rate among the affected role can range from three to eighty five percent with an average of twenty percent cases . The common occurrence of seroma is remark in patients who have had breast cancer related surgery or radiation therapy , a hundred - section or plastic surgery .
Prognosis of Seroma
The mentality for seroma is not bad since these are mostly not serious and with proper fear and medical intercession bring around quickly .
Causes of Seroma
There is a whole swell list of causes behind seroma as there are countless sort of operative procedure , but the most plebeian suit are :
Pathophysiology of Seroma
There is a lack of evidences indicate the pathophysiology of seroma . Thus , uncertainty remains on how and why the process take place but sure speculation suggest the secretion of the serous fluid happen in the blood plasma form at the site of incision and accumulates within the scar tissue make irritation . This fluid is proteinaceous in nature and is secreted by serous secretory organ like parotid gland . Thus , the accruement of this fluid could be a lawsuit of seroma .
Risk Factors and Complications of Seroma
The risk factors that pose a terror for seroma are :
When seroma is not care for appropriately , then there are certain knottiness that can arise :
Diagnosis of Seroma
The diagnosis of seroma is mostly done through physical examination of the symptoms . what is more , imaging technique like ultrasound and CT scan are done to check into its presence and identify the proper location .
Treatment of Seroma
The discussion for modest seroma is normally not required because in most cases it subsides by itself but in showcase of large seroma below treatments can be taken up .
Prevention of Seroma
The preventive measures to determine the development of seroma chiefly involve setting of surgical drainage system to keep accrual of fluid . Also patient can put on medical garment that help in accelerated healing of the incision with dilute chance of seroma development .
Seroma is a usually occurring medical experimental condition that come about after surgery at the land site of operative incision . It occurs as a defence response to the surgical trauma confront by the tissue paper which further results in bushed pockets at the web site of operating theater . Seroma when small in size of it unremarkably subsides itself and does not require any external medicinal drug or treatment but sometimes may get calcified . On the other hand the larger seroma , take immediate aid to prevent the chances of infection and further tortuousness . These require drain of the amass fluid and in some case surgical removal .
