Pulmonary hypertension ( PH ) is a serious , reform-minded disease in which there is get up line of descent pressure in the pulmonary arterial blood vessel . The rakehell flow from the heart to the lung is disrupted due to tightness in rake vessel . This make special encumbrance on heart pump rip to the lungs , finally lead to impuissance of heart muscles . The supply of oxygenate stemma to the tissues and other organs is diminished leading to various symptoms . Normal pressures in pneumonic arteries are 15 - 30 mm Hg systolic air pressure and 4 - 12 mm Hg diastolic pressure . If the pressure is outstanding than 30/12 mm Hg , then it is fuck as pulmonary high blood pressure .
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension
The dissimilar causes of pulmonary hypertension include idiopathic cause , genic disorderliness , rheumatic arthritis , lupus , dermatosclerosis , CREST syndrome , liver disease , atrial and ventricular septate defects , sickle cell disease , HIV transmission , bilharziasis , It is also be due to certain drugs such as dieting pills ( fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine ) and amateur drugs . Other causes includechronic obstructive pneumonic disease ( COPD ) , emphysema , pneumonic fibrosis ( interstitial lung disease ) and sleep apnea . In addition , it can also be due to pulmonary emboli , mitral valve disease , chronic systemic raised rake insistence , polycythemia vera , thrombocythemia , thyroid disease , animal starch storehouse disease , sarcoidosis , vasculitis , kidney disease and other term include tumors .
pneumonic high blood pressure is more rife in females than in males in old age group of 30 to 40 .
Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertension
The symptoms of subaltern pulmonary hypertension arise due to increased press in the pulmonary arteries , lead to constriction of blood vessel . This in turn creates surplus stress to heart muscle ultimately leading to failing of heart brawn with sentence . The common symptom of secondary pneumonic high blood pressure are weariness , difficulty respiration and dizziness . Other symptoms include speedy breathing , exertional abruptness of breathing space ( dyspnea ) , thorax pain , anxiety , small extremity swelling , tachycardia , distention of jugular vein , ascites ( smooth aggregation in the abdomen ) , and clubbing of fingers . In plus , grievous pulmonic high blood pressure may also lead to warmheartedness bankruptcy .
What is the Prognosis of Pulmonary Hypertension?
Unfortunately , even with onward motion in medical field there is no permanent treatment for PH . Medications , lifestyle changes , and right direction can only slow the progression of disease . The prognosis of the disease is very misfortunate , if it is left untreated the patient role dies within 3 years of diagnosis . If the patient role is in low risk group then the patient can live for over 10 years . The death of PH affected role occurs due to right ventricular nonstarter in most cases . The survival rate of the patient with pulmonary high blood pressure depends on the aetiology . data point recovered from a orotund group of patients in early 2000s reveal , overall , one twelvemonth survival rate as 85 % , three year endurance charge per unit as 68 % , five year survival charge per unit as 57 % and seven year survival of the fittest charge per unit as 49 % .
The data point also revealed that the prospect is poor for patient role whose etiology includes genetic disorderliness , connective tissue paper disorder or relate to liver disease as compared to congenital pump disease . Poor prognosis is seen in affected role with pericardiac effusion as compared to patients who do not have pericardial effusion . The prognosis is miserable in patients whose exercise capacity and distance covered in a six - minute paseo is less as compare to patients who have great six - minute manner of walking length . The prognosis is also bad for affected role who have very high-pitched good atrial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance as compared to patients who have low values of them . Patients with deflower kidney function and elevated degree of BNP ( Brain Natriuretic Peptide ) have a very hapless prognosis too as compared to patients who have normal kidney function or who have low BNP . The mortality charge per unit is also high in pregnant women .
However , the survival rates of patient role with pulmonary high blood pressure has drastically improve with the advent of medications and ameliorate timbre of life . It was not until 1994 , the first medication ( Flolan ) was introduced for the management of pneumonic hypertension and in the past two 10 , there have been several medications available in the market . Hopefully , with more research and studies the survival pace and medical prognosis of patients with PH will continue to improve .
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