What Is Tooth And Nail Syndrome?
Tooth and Nail Syndrome is an exceedingly rarefied genetic precondition which is characterized by a assembling of disease bear on in the main the tooth , nail , hairsbreadth , and skin . Tooth and Nail Syndrome belong to a collection of disease called ectodermal dysplasia .
The definitive presenting characteristic of Tooth and Nail Syndrome is distort or underdeveloped teeth or in some case accomplished absence seizure of primary and secondary teeth . This is also associated with developing nail , especially the toenail .
Even if there is presence of tooth in an soul with Tooth and Nail Syndrome , the teeth will be spaced wide aside from each other and will be in a shape of a cone . The toenail of individuals with Tooth and Nail Syndrome will be spoon form and abnormally small .
This condition follow an autosomal dominant trait think that only one copy of the bad factor from any one parent is good enough for a child to develop Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
What Are The Causes Of Tooth And Nail Syndrome?
As stated , Tooth and Nail Syndrome keep abreast an autosomal dominant trait meaning that only one copy of the faulty gene is necessitate from any parent for growth of this condition . The incorrect cistron which causes Tooth and Nail Syndrome is term as MSX1 .
This incorrect gene is responsible for yield of protein which deals with growing of teeth , nails , and skin . A mutation in this gene results in lessen output of this protein causing the classic features of what is term as Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
What Are The Symptoms Of Tooth And Nail Syndrome?
As stated , Tooth and Nail Syndrome is a part of a grouping of disease precondition cry ectodermic dysplasia . The term is extremely rare and affects the tooth , nails , and sometimes the skin . The classic presenting feature film of Tooth and Nail Syndrome is complete absence seizure of tooth or underdevelopment of elemental and petty tooth .
poor development of nail is also one of the symptoms noted with Tooth and Nail Syndrome . In some cases , there may be abnormalities seen in the scalp fuzz of individuals with Tooth and Nail Syndrome . Another striking symptom for Tooth and Nail Syndrome is the shape of the teeth , if present , they are usually conical in shape give it a distinct visual aspect .
The teeth if present may also be widely spaced apart . In some cases , tiddler with Tooth and Nail Syndrome may have an outward plow downcast sassing which gives it a shape of a wry face . This is because of the absence of sure elementary and lowly dentition .
Additionally , individuals with Tooth and Nail Syndrome also have mental defectiveness of the nail . The nails may be abnormally short and are usually spoon shaped . In some instance , the nail may be completely absentminded . The absence of nail may be congenital or it may take a long metre for the nails to grow from the time of nascence till the shaver is about 3 years of age .
The abnormalcy in the shape of the nails is more big in the toenails than in the fingernails . Another common symptom is abnormally thin hair in the scalp that can be seen in someone with Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
How Is Tooth And Nail Syndrome Diagnosed?
Tooth and Nail Syndrome may be suspected at the clip of birth of a child if one or more fingernail or toenail are absent in the baby . The literal diagnosing of Tooth and Nail Syndrome is difficult to make until the child is about 5 years of age when the symptoms fully develop with the shaver having scatty or malformed teeth and have got other spectacular symptoms of Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
In some subject , a confirmed diagnosing of Tooth and Nail Syndrome is not made until the tike achieve adolescent years when there is absence of permanent tooth and there is significant abnormality in the fingernails and toenails of the somebody .
Based on the appearance of the nails and tooth and a clinical rating , a genetic testing may be done which will understandably show mutation of the MSX1 cistron which will confirm the diagnosing of Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
How Is Tooth And Nail Syndrome Treated?
The treatment of Tooth and Nail Syndrome is purely supportive and symptomatic . It need a multidisciplinary approach with input required from various specialties including baby doctor , dentists , dental surgeons , orthodontists which may jointly formulate a discourse plan for the patient .
Dental refurbishment is the anchor of treatment . Artificial tooth or other prosthetic devices may be utilise to exchange scatty tooth so that the patient is able to eat solid food without any problems . twosome may also be of help in address the misshapen tooth as a result of Tooth and Nail Syndrome . Dental surgery may also be required to even off other dental abnormality . Apart from this , handling is only supportive for Tooth and Nail Syndrome .
