What is the Meaning of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia?
Hospital AcquiredPneumoniais a potentially serious and at times lethal medical precondition which a patient develops while he or she is admit in the infirmary for treatment of some other medical consideration . This condition normally develops within a couple of days after being admitted to the hospital . This condition is mainly triggered by bacteria which pass through the already compromised body mechanism of which the most common pathogen being Hans C. J. Gram - damaging bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus . During the initial phases of this shape , the patient may complain of malaise or sluggishness . The affected role may also exhibit genial condition changes . The patient can also have fever , chills , hardness , cough , shortness of breathing place , and breast pain in the neck . In showcase if the patient role is cannulize or in mechanical ventilation it is because of hapless oxygenation and ever increase tracheal secretion . This consideration is more common in multitude who are in the Intensive Care Unit or ICU as they already have a severely compromise immune system and are well assail by the pathogens . The diagnosis of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia can be made on the base of symptom honor , chest cristal - ray and blood examination . As stated above , Hospital Acquired Pneumonia is more often quite a serious medical condition and the overall prognosis is quite poor .
Why do Patients Acquire Pneumonia in ICU?
If a patient is in the ICU , then he or she may acquire Pneumonia because of the follow reasons :
When is Pneumonia more likely to Occur in a Patient Admitted in ICU?
It is meet that Pneumonia is most likely to occur in ICU patient role who are intubated or use a mechanical breathing machine with the percentage being around 80 % . This happen because the intubation breaks through the airway defenses , comes in the way of clearing coughing and mucous thus leave in a manner collection of bacterium above the cuff of the tube of the ventilator . Such bacterium make a film within the tube which give them added protection from any character of antibiotic drug thus prepare them that much more grave . When it comes to patient role who are not on mechanical ventilator or in other word of honor are not intubated Pneumonia can make grow due to previous antibiotic discourse , existing cardiac , pulmonary , or renal disfunction .
What are the Symptoms that may indicate Development of Pneumonia in a Patient in ICU?
For patients who are not intubated , the symptom and signs of Pneumonia includes malaise , febricity , chills , hardship , coughing , shortness of breath , andchest pain . For patients who are vital and intubated let in fever and variety in the respiratory measure along with hypoxemia .
What can be done to Diagnose Pneumonia in a Patient in ICU?
Some of the mental testing to affirm the presence of Pneumonia in a patient hold in the ICU are :
How is Hospital Acquired Pneumonia Treated?
The following are the treatment strategies adopted for treating pneumonia in patient admitted in the ICU or Hospital Acquired Pneumonia :
empirical use of antibiotic drug which can be virile against resistant organisms . The antibiotic is chosen based on the followers :
Some of the medications used for treating pneumonia in patient who do not have other peril factors are :
medication used for treating pneumonia in affected role who have other risk broker are Mefoxin , carbapenem , piperacillin , fluoroquinolone , vancomycin .
It should be note here that inordinate use of antibiotic drug may result in antimicrobic resistance but if initial empiric doses of antibiotics are adequately given then the results may be more lucky . Hence it is vital that the intervention begins initially with broad spectrum antibiotics and then pinning down to the best antibiotic which can help the patient reckon on the reply of the patient .
What is the Overall Prognosis for Patients who have Developed Pneumonia in the ICU or Hospital Acquired Pneumonia?
As put forward above , if a patient admitted in the ICU develops pneumonia then it can be a potentially spirit threatening phenomenon and more often than not prognosis is poor , especially for patients who are cannulate . Even if the patient recover from the pneumonia he or she may terminate up with significant damage to the lung due to Pneumonia .
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